IVF (In Vitro Fertilization) is a procedure where sperm and eggs are put together in a dish in order to achieve fertilization, and thus an embryo. When at least 1 million motile sperm are available, this technique can be utilized. At numbers below this, ICSI (Intracytoplasmic Sperm Inection) is performed by injecting a single sperm into a single egg to achieve a pregnancy.

In IVF, women are given medication to stimulate the maturation of multiple eggs. After the stimulation is complete, the eggs are extracted from the female. The sperm and eggs are combined in order to produce an embryo, which is then transferred back to the female at either 3 or 5 days.